The 2018 rift eruption and summit collapse of Kīlauea Volcano
作者： C. A. Neal , S. R. Brantley , L. Antolik , J. L. Babb , M. Burgess
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摘要: In 2018, Kīlauea Volcano experienced its largest lower East Rift Zone (LERZ) eruption and caldera collapse in at least 200 years. After of the Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō vent on 30 April, magma propagated downrift. Eruptive fissures opened LERZ 3 May, eventually extending ~6.8 km. A 4 May earthquake (M6.9) produced ~5 m fault slip. Lava erupted rates exceeding 100 /s, covering 35.5 km 2 . The summit system partially drained, producing minor explosions near-daily collapses releasing energy equivalent to M4.7-M5.4 earthquakes. Activity declined rapidly August. Summit lava flow volume estimates are roughly equivalent—about 0.8 Careful historical observation monitoring enabled successful forecasting hazardous events.
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