Nosema ceranae in European honey bees (Apis mellifera).

摘要: Nosema ceranae is a microsporidian parasite described from the Asian honey bee, Apis cerana. The cross-infective with European mellifera. It not known when or where N. first infected bees, but has probably been infecting bees for at least two decades. appears to be replacing apis, in some populations of bees. This replacement an enigma because spores new are less durable than those apis. Virulence data both individual bee and colony level conflicting possibly impact this differs different environments. recent advancements genetics, draft assembly genome available, discussed need increased research on impacts emphasized.