Symbiotic association of three fungal species throughout the life cycle of the ambrosia beetle Euwallacea nr. fornicatus

摘要: The presence of three symbiotic fungi: Fusarium euwallaceae, Graphium euwallaceae and Acremonium pembeum was detected in the larvae adult beetles Euwallacea nr. fornicatus (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) from brood galleries four tree species. Isolations female beetle mandibular mycangia recovered mainly G. A. during maturation, whereas isolations mature revealed F. almost exclusively. Only (from adults) mostly larvae) were isolated guts examined beetles. Within larvae, quantified at much higher concentrations for all tested hosts, compared to pembeum. Fungal mycangial loads each stages among plant hosts uniform, while larvae-fungal combinations varied extensively between sampled sites regardless host species; a similar trend inconsistency fungal also observed galleries. percentage feral, naturally occurring, carrying fungi significantly high, most pupae these trees did not carry any fungi. On artificial rearing medium, fed completed their development solely on but Laboratory-reared with single fungus harbored other as well. occurrences roles developmental trees, along life cycle beetle, are discussed.