Genomic diversity and differentiation of a managed island wild boar population

摘要: The evolution of island populations in natural systems is driven by local adaptation and genetic drift. However, evolutionary pathways may be altered humans several ways. wild boar (WB) (Sus scrofa) an iconic game species occurring islands, where it has been strongly managed since prehistoric times. We examined genomic diversity at 49 803 single-nucleotide polymorphisms 99 Sardinian WBs compared them with 196 specimens from mainland Europe 105 domestic pigs (DP; 11 breeds). High levels variation were observed Sardinia (80.9% the total number polymorphisms), which can only part associated to recent introgression. Both Principal Component Analysis Bayesian clustering approach revealed that WB population highly differentiated other European (FST=0.126–0.138), DP (FST=0.169). Such evidences mostly unaffected uneven sample size, although results reference changed when individuals was standardized. Runs homozygosity (ROHs) pattern distribution are consistent a past expansion following bottleneck (small ROHs) substructuring (highly homozygous individuals). effect non-random selection on diversity, FST ROH estimates, stressed importance sampling design study structured or introgressed populations. Our support heterogeneity distinctiveness prompt further investigations its origins conservation status.