Biosynthesis of Saxitoxin in Marine Dinoflagellates: An Omics Perspective.

摘要: Saxitoxin is an alkaloid neurotoxin originally isolated from the clam Saxidomus giganteus in 1957. This group of neurotoxins produced by several species freshwater cyanobacteria and marine dinoflagellates. The saxitoxin biosynthesis pathway was described for first time 1980s and, since then, it studied more than seven cyanobacterial genera, comprising 26 genes that form a cluster ranging 25.7 kb to 35 sequence length. Due complexity genomic landscape, dinoflagellates remains unknown. In order reveal understand dynamics activity such impressive unicellular organisms with complex genome, strategy can carefully engage them systems view necessary. Advances omics technology (the collective tools biological sciences) facilitated high-throughput studies transcriptome, proteome, metabolome approach utilized address saxitoxin-producing response environmental stresses improve understanding gene-environment interactions. Therefore, this review, progress dinoflagellate using emphasized. Further potential applications metabolomics genomics unravel novel insights into are also reviewed.