Long term average distribution of O+ in the quiet-time terrestrial magnetosphere

摘要: Cluster measurements from 2001 to 2011 provide a unique opportunity study the characteristics of $\mathrm{O}^{+}$ with full spatial coverage between 4 $19 \mathrm{R}_{E}$ , especially in mid-latitude region. Three-dimensional distributions averaged omnidirectional differential fluxes three energy channels (E1:40–136 eV; E2:136 eV–3 keV; E3:3–30 keV) during quiet times ( $\mathit{Dst} > -20~\mbox{nT}$ ) are presented this paper. Comparing helps us better understand transport and energization . Consistent previous studies, it is suggested that heated high-altitude cusp mantle, part population transported through lobes plasmasheet, where further heated/accelerated. The important background information for relevant simulation observation studies behavior storm non-storm times.