摘要: Humanly modified ground covers a large proportion of the ice-free terrestrial surface Earth. It consists settlement debris, dumped waste, landfill, reclaimed land, cut features, earthworks, cultivation soils, and other kinds significantly by humans. Considered as single entity, it is expanding at accelerating rates human population increases still in process formation transformation. Technically part geosphere, has aspects that are unprecedented earlier geologic strata. contains an abundance artifacts novel materials, well bones humans domesticated animals.