Concussion in professional football: epidemiological features of game injuries and review of the literature—Part 3

摘要: OBJECTIVE: A 6-year study was performed to determine the circumstances, causes, and outcomes of concussions in National Football League. METHODS: Between 1996 2001, epidemiological features were recorded by League teams with a standardized reporting form. Symptoms reported grouped as general symptoms, cranial nerve memory or cognitive problems, somatic complaints, loss consciousness. The medical actions taken recorded. In total, 787 game-related cases reported, information on players involved, type helmet impact, actions, days lost. Concussion risks calculated according player game positions. RESULTS: There 0.41 per game. relative risk highest for quarterbacks (1.62 concussions/100 game-positions), followed wide receivers (1.23 tight ends (0.94 concussion/100 defensive secondaries (0.93 game-positions). majority (67.7%) involved impact another player's helmet. remainder other body regions striking (20.9%) ground contact (11.4%). three most common symptoms mild traumatic brain injury headaches (55.0%), dizziness (41.8%), blurred vision (16.3%). signs noted physical examinations problems immediate recall (25.5%), retrograde amnesia (18.0%), information-processing (17.5%). 58 (9.3%), lost consciousness; 19 (2.4%) hospitalized. total 92% concussed returned practice less than 7 days, but that value decreased 69% unconsciousness. CONCLUSION: professional football vulnerable are quarterbacks, receivers, secondaries. Concussions 2.74 symptoms/injury, generally removed from More one-half play within 1 day, resolved short time vast cases. Keywords: American