Kinetic Vitrification of Spermatozoa of Vertebrates: What Can We Learn from Nature?

摘要: Why sperm? Cryobiology had actually started from freezing sperm. We will skip all those very early anecdotes but should mention the Spallanzani attempt to freeze frog semen in 18th century [Spallanzani, 1780]. as a science with revolutionizing work of Father Luyet and other scientists late 1930’s 1940’s, who we can collectively call “the pioneers cryobiological frontiers” (see following sub-Chapter). There were several reasons why sperm was chosen, which included easiness obtaining samples, clear evidence viability (moving – not moving, though later it figured that everything so easy this sophisticated living “cruise missile”), importance for farming industry emergence systematic selective breeding (especially cattle) powerful tool artificial insemination (AI). AI revolutionary W. Heape, I.I. Ivanov at dawn 20th further developed by V.K. Milovanov viable technology [Foote,