Exploring Ground Vegetation Change for Different Deposition Scenarios and Methods for Estimating Critical Loads for Biodiversity Using the ForSAFE-VEG Model in Switzerland and Sweden

摘要: The ForSAFE-VEG model was used to investigate the impacts of climate change and air pollution scenarios on soil chemistry ground vegetations composition. In particular, involves a vegetation incorporating plant changes ambient site conditions in terms chemistry, but also incorporate competition between different groups. validated against observed values reproduced observations tree growth, compositions satisfaction. results show that reacts strongly pollution, particular nitrogen as well with major shifts A procedure for estimating critical loads nitrogen, using biodiversity criterion, tested method seems operable. It suggests if we want protect present vegetation, this will face significant difficulties because permanent induced ecosystem. We conclude reference state is rather be sought future, hopefully models, than past or present.