Hamstring strain injuries: Factors that Lead to injury and re-Injury

摘要: Hamstring strain injuries (HSIs) are common in a number of sports and incidence rates have not declined recent times. Additionally, the high rate recurrent suggests that our current understanding HSI re-injury risk is incomplete. Whilst multifactoral nature HSIs agreed upon by many, often individual factors and/or causes injury examined isolation. This review aims to bring together causes, interventions associated with better understand why so prevalent. Running identified as primary activity type for given eccentric forces moderate muscle placed on hamstrings during running these considered be part aetiology HSIs. However, exact remain unknown whilst contraction purportedly play role, accumulated damage single injurious event may also contribute. Potentially, all interact varying degrees depending (i.e. running, kicking). Furthermore, anatomical factors, such biarticular organization, dual innervations biceps femoris (BF), fibre distribution, architecture degree anterior pelvic tilt, been implicated. Each variables impact via different mechanisms include increasing hamstring altering susceptibility damage. Reported age, previous injury, ethnicity, strength imbalances, flexibility fatigue. Of these, little known, definitively, about increases future Nevertheless, put place reduce addressing modifiable focused primarily strength, correcting imbalances improving flexibility. The response intervention programmes has mixed varied levels success reported. A conceptual framework presented suggesting neuromuscular inhibition following impede rehabilitation process subsequently lead maladaptation structure function, including preferentially weakness, atrophy previously injured muscles alterations angle peak knee flexor torque. remains an area research practitioners need aware if decline.