Hydrometallurgical recovery of valuable metals from secondary raw materials

摘要: Sami Virolainen Hydrometallurgical recovery of valuable metals from secondary raw materials Lappeenranta 2013 89 p. Acta Universitatis Lappeenrantaensis 554 Diss. University Technology ISBN 978-952-265-524-0, 978-952-265-525-7 (PDF) ISSN-L 1456-4491, ISSN 1456-4491 Wastes and side streams in the mining industry different anthropogenic wastes often contain such concentrations their may be economically viable. These are collectively called materials. The these is also environmentally favorable, since many metals, for example heavy hazardous to environment. This has been noticed legislative bodies, strict regulations handling both have developed, mainly last decade. In metallurgy industry, important include, example, steelmaking dusts (recoverable e.g. Zn Mo), zinc plant residues (Ag, Au, Ga, Ge, In) waste slurry Bayer process alumina production (Ga, REE, Ti, V). From wastes, electrical electronic equipment (WEEE), among them LCD screens fluorescent lamps, clearly most a point view. Metals that commonly recovered WEEE Ag, Cu, Pd Pt. indium, REEs, possible target metals. processing routes highly suitable treatment complex and/or low grade materials, as are. solid or liquid large amounts base example. Thus, order recover with small concentrations, selective separation methods, hydrometallurgical routes, needed. addition, processes seen more environmental friendly, they lower energy consumption, when compared pyrometallurgical processes. this thesis, solvent extraction ion exchange methods studied. Solvent mainstream unit operation metallurgical all kinds but exchange, practical applications not widespread. However, known particularly dilute feed solutions tasks, which makes it viable option, especially Recovering was studied five included industries WEEE. Recovery high purity (99.7%) In, screens, achieved by leaching H2SO4, extracting Sn D2EHPA, selectively stripping HCl. concentrated stage 44 mg/L 6.5 g/L. Ge product two metal liquors Nmethylglucamine functional chelating resin (IRA-743). Based on equilibrium dynamic modeling, mechanism moderately adsorption suggested. Eu Y were leached yields (91 83%) 2 M H2SO4 lamp precipitate plant. contained significant other REEs Gd Tb, common mineral acids ambient conditions. over Fe controlled acidic method, pH did go below, held close to, 3. Mo present dust, pure water effectively than methods. Good yield selectivity D2EHPA. needs eliminated advance, either method or, precipitation. 100% Pure Mo/Cr quaternary ammonium salt (Aliquat 336) directly leachate, without adjustment (pH 13.7). A mixture obtained leachates hydroxyoxime LIX 84-I trioctylamine (TOA), purities 70% at most. However Aliquat 336, again an 99% obtained. High Cr any reagents. Ag-NaCl solution purified divalent impurity aminomethylphosphonium Lewatit TP-260 resin. novel preconditioning named partial neutralization, conjugate bases weak organic acids, used control column avoid capacity losses precipitations. Counter-current SMB shown better configuration batch cross-current conventionally industry. thesis evaluated economic view, promising.