Understanding the fate and biological effects of Ag- and TiO2-nanoparticles in the environment: The quest for advanced analytics and interdisciplinary concepts

摘要: Abstract Engineered inorganic nanoparticles (EINP) from consumers' products and industrial applications, especially silver titanium dioxide (NP), are emitted into the aquatic terrestrial environments in increasing amounts. However, current knowledge on their environmental fate biological effects is diverse renders reliable predictions complicated. This review critically evaluates existing colloidal aging mechanisms, functioning transport of Ag NP TiO2 water soil it discusses challenges for concepts, experimental approaches analytical methods order to obtain a comprehensive understanding processes linking effects. undergo dissolution oxidation with Ag2S as thermodynamically determined endpoint. Nonetheless, also transformations nanoparticulate state may act carriers other substances. can have adverse organisms. Whereas reveal higher stability mobility, efficiency NOM stabilizing agent greater towards than NP, multivalent cations dominate behavior over NOM. Many past obstacles been overcome just recently. Single particle ICP-MS based combination field flow fractionation techniques hydrodynamic chromatography potential fill gaps currently hampering at low relevant concentrations. These developments will allow mechanistically orientated research transfer larger set EINP. includes separating driven by specific properties bulk chemical properties, categorization effect-triggering pathways directing EINP recipients, identification dominant parameters triggering effect ecosystems (e.g. soil, lake, or riverine systems).