Birth Trauma, Perinatal Asphyxia, and Iatrogenic Respiratory Distress

摘要: Birth injuries are customarily defined as associated with mechanical forces producing hemorrhage, edema, tissue disruption, or alteration of organ function during the intrapartum period.1 It is unfortunate that term birth injury has often been used to connote avoidable caused by negligence; in vast majority cases this implication unjustified. Virtually all forms trauma can occur spontaneous, uncomplicated full-term deliveries well from obstetric interventions.2 The risk increased various maternal and fetal factors, e.g., macrosomia, cephalopelvic disproportion, dystocia, malformations masses, prematurity, prolonged labor, abnormal presentation, techniques needed manage complicated deliveries, including forceps applications (rotations midforceps) version extraction. Of these, breech extraction greatest potential for morbidity (until recently, approximately fourfold greater than cephalic presentations). Although vaccuum per se may not cause a given case, indications which they predispose occurrence injury.