Convergence of health care spending and health outcomes in the EUropean Union, 1960-95

摘要: Convergence in health expenditure the countries of European Union (EU) has been demonstrated to be occurring previous studies. The aim this paper is identify and discuss reasons for finding present new evidence confirming convergence outcomes, as represented by life expectancy infant mortality rates. statistical methods used, s b-convergence analysis, are well established macro-economic growth analyses based on neo-classical model which predicts income homogenous such those forming EU. reveal a common trend that Southern Mediterranean have generally exhibited upward towards mean expenditure, EU improving directions outcomes. In contrast, North, particularly Scandinavia, exhibit downward or below it whilst their outcome measures displaying decreasing advantage over periods analysis. results briefly considered relation factors help explain results, including question whether causal relationship between outcomes exists, nature impact care reforms throughout 1970s, 80s 90s contributing most observed convergence, predictions neoclassical underpin results.