Guidelines for the perioperative prophylaxis in urological interventions of the urinary and male genital tract

摘要: Almost 50 years after its introduction, perioperative prophylaxis is still controversial. Whereas a clear benefit was established for certain surgical operations especially those of the categories ‘clean-contaminated’ and ‘contaminated’, e.g. elective colonic surgery [1], there no general consensus on use antibacterial category ‘clean’. This because studies including sufficient number patients meaningful statistical analysis are absent. Moreover, traditional classification procedures according to Cruse [2] into ‘clean’, ‘clean-contaminated’, ‘contaminated’ ‘dirty’ does not adequately describe risk infection. Numerous conditions, such as duration operation, blood loss etc. have been demonstrated correlate with infection [3]. Such factors can also lead infectious complications even in ‘clean’ [4]. The significance each factor, however, yet quantified. true open endoscopic urology [5]. Prospective randomised Currently, most poorly designed. differentiation between therapy clear. Evaluation unsatisfactory, terms ‘bacteriuria’ ‘infection’ critically used [6]. In addition, many these lack knowledge pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics antimicrobial agents, bacterial pathogenicity resistance, role nosocomial infections [6,7]. It thus surprising that literature inconclusive regard prophylaxis, showing negative, well positive results every type urological intervention. A survey 320 German urologists revealed controversial opinions about antibiotic [8]. Antibiotic administered more than half involving urinary tract, when opening intestine. There was, little agreement choice antibiotics prophylaxis. Consequently, guidelines indication certainly necessary. this paper, we present practical recommendations. These recommendations based clinical studies, expert opinion, professional consensus. common principles (Table 1), result conference Paul Ehrlich Society Chemotherapy [9], were considered.