Depth-stratified functional and taxonomic niche specialization in the ‘core’ and ‘flexible’ Pacific Ocean Virome

摘要: Microbes drive myriad ecosystem processes, and their viruses modulate microbial-driven processes through mortality, horizontal gene transfer, metabolic reprogramming by viral-encoded auxiliary genes (AMGs). However, our knowledge of viral roles in the oceans is primarily limited to surface waters. Here we assess depth distribution protein clusters (PCs) first large-scale quantitative metagenomic data set that spans much pelagic continuum (the Pacific Ocean Virome; POV). This established ‘core' (180 PCs; one-third new science) ‘flexible' (423K PCs) community sets, including niche-defining latter (385 170 PCs are exclusive core photic aphotic zones, respectively). Taxonomic annotation suggested tailed phages ubiquitous, but not abundant (<5% revealed depth-related taxonomic patterns. Functional annotation, coupled with extensive analyses document non-viral DNA contamination, uncovered 32 AMGs (9 core, 20 3 aphotic) introduce ways which manipulate infected host metabolism, parallel depth-stratified adaptations (for example, zone for iron–sulphur cluster modulation phage production, high-pressure deep-sea survival). Finally, significant vertical flux deep sea was detected, critical interpreting patterns nature. Beyond ecological advances outlined here, this catalog flexible provides a resource future investigation into organization, function evolution microbial molecular networks mechanistically understand model biosphere.