Origin and intra-island diversification of Sulawesi endemic Adrianichthyidae.

摘要: Although the family Adrianichthyidae is broadly distributed throughout East and Southeast Asia, 19 endemic species, over half of family, are in Sulawesi, which an island Wallacea. However, it remains unclear how this biodiversity hotspot was shaped. In study, we reconstructed molecular phylogenies for Sulawesi adrianichthyids estimated divergence times major lineages to infer detailed history their origin subsequent intra-island diversification. The mitochondrial nuclear revealed that monophyletic, indicates they diverged from a single common ancestor. Species earliest branching currently central southeastern parts island, indicating ancestor colonized Sula Spur, large promontory projects Australian continental margin, Asia by oversea dispersal c.a. 20Mya. first diversification event on split genus Adrianichthys, occurred 16Mya, resulted nesting Adrianichthys within Oryzias. Strong geographic structure evident phylogeny; many species off early riverine widely southwestern arms suggests between tectonic subdivisions during late Miocene (7-5Mya) contributed distributions lineages. contrast, most branched later lake or system suggesting habitat fragmentation due Pliocene collisions (c.a. 4Mya) among primary factor branching, lacustrine some Oryzias certain lineage sympatric Lake Poso, multiple colonizations these distinct into lake. Thus, largely reflects complex geological island.