DNA methylation in the human placenta and fetal growth (review).

摘要: Throughout in utero development, the placenta plays a key role controlling growth and development. The acts not only as gatekeeper of nutrient waste exchange between mother developing fetus, but also regulator intrauterine environment. Its functions can be influenced by environment encountered throughout pregnancy, thereby altering appropriate genetic programming needed to allow for fetal growth. Epigenetic alterations related environmental exposures have been linked aberrant DNA methylation, which is best known epigenetic modification, may provide an attractive mechanism linking cues placental pathology, with consequences adult life. Alteration methylation patterns genes expressed has recently found modify gene expression subsequently impair function placenta. Although there strong evidence demonstrate that affect pattern during direct association conditions, difficult confirm. mainly investigated context imprinted non-imprinted transcription. Several factors assessed regard their changes motives embryonic extraembryonic tissues impact on pregnancy outcome. In this review, we briefly present available regarding