Imprinted genes in liver carcinogenesis.

摘要: Each cell contains both maternal and paternal copies of all genes except those that reside on the sex chromosomes. However, because a phenomenon termed genomic imprinting, not are biallelically expressed. Imprinted play an important role in embryogenesis recently have also been shown to be mechanistically involved carcinogenesis. The growing list imprinted implicated tumor formation includes growth factor gene, insulin-like 2 (IGF2), receptor mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like (M6P/IGF2R). Elevated expression IGF2 is often found tumors, loss imprinting one mechanism by which its deregulated. M6P/IGF2R functions inactivation mitogen activation inhibitor, transforming beta. Recently, high frequency heterozygosity with concomitant mutations remaining allele has occur at locus (i.e., 6q26-q27) human liver breast suggesting this gene as suppressor. Expression biallelic most humans but monoallelic mice. This species difference provides plausible explanation for enhanced sensitivity mice formation. Furthermore, these findings suggest differences status should factored into carcinogenesis risk assessment models when extrapolating results from humans.