Genealogical and niche modeling analyses reveal recent expansion and limited genetic divergence in the Formicivora serrana complex (Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae)

摘要: The principal aim of this study was to infer the phylogeographic pattern antwrens Formicivora serrana complex, an endemic faunal component semi-deciduous forests and restinga formations Atlantic Forest southeast Brazil. We combined niche-based modeling approaches in describing genetic spatial structure taxon, inferring phylogenetic hypothesis lineage diversification, providing estimates population growth, timing coalescence, gene flow. also modeled species potential distribution examine putative consequences Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) (21,000 years ago) Holocene climate variability. To perform this, we analyzed a dataset composed two mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase I NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2) four nuclear (anonymous loci) DNA regions from 35 specimens. Genealogical analyses were performed using maximum likelihood coalescent Bayesian approaches; diversity assessed analysis molecular variance network analysis; ages events estimated relaxed clock model. Ecological niche current LGM ranges six algorithms (Bioclim, general additive model, linear Maxent, support vector machine Random forest) based on 178 occurrence localities 19 bioclimatic variables. Limited divergence among recognized forms F. complex evidenced low nucleotide populations (Jukes–Cantor distance between subspecies varied 0.17 0.21%), unresolved trees, star-shaped haplotype networks, overall lack structure. Fixation index analyses, however, suggested incipient geographic expansion range since LGM. Our results provide first evidence that bird taxa xerophytic habitats AF affected by Quaternary climatic fluctuations. recovered genealogical indicates should be regarded as single evolutionary unit, corroborating taxonomic hypotheses.