Biochemistry of Cilia

摘要: In the 1960s and 1970s, biochemical investigations of Paramecium concentrated mainly on isozyme patterns esterases, phosphatases, succinate-, isocitrate-, glutamate-, β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenases, fumarase (Tait 1970a, b; Esteve 1970; Allen Gibson 1971; Nerad 1978a; Khadem 1985). The were preferably used as taxonomic tools. Earlier, surface antigens also a major area research efforts (Beale Kacser 1957; Hansma Kung 1975; Steers Davis 1977). These large immobilization proteins (i-antigens) are dealt with by Schmidt in Chapter 11 (this Vol.). Starting around 1970, was recognized possible model cell for genetic dissection behavior (Kung 1971a, Eckert 1972). advantage using that both genetics electrophysiology this genus reasonably well understood at time et al. 1975). Biochemistry added to system new dimension 1976 (Browning Nelson 1976). 1977, it became clear membrane covering motile machinery Paramecium, about 5000 cilia, carries voltage-dependent Ca channels which responsible depolarizing Ca-inward current, possibly other ion (Ogura Takahashi 1976; Dunlap Since then, cilia particular their excitable membrane, comprises two-thirds total (Andrews 1979), have been topic numerous studies aimed forming an idea how channel regulation translation ionic signal into mechanical response, i.e., ciliary reversal, desensitization adaptation accomplished molecular terms.