Endothelial modulation of vascular tone.

摘要: The vascular endothelium forms a monolayer lining the luminal surface throughout cardiovascular system. For long time was considered passive physical barrier whose only function to provide vessels smooth that prevented clotting and turbulence of blood flow. development new research techniques such as culture endothelial cells has revolutionized ideas about revealed it many fascinating features. With its strategic anatomical position at border circulating tissue, is now be very active metabolic endocrine organ with multiple functions. It well-developed mechanisms for exchanging molecules between lumen subendothelial space; first antigens actively participates in defense reactions. Endothelium also important angiogenesis. synthesizes factors promote or inhibit coagulation (platelet adhesion aggregation), growth muscle cells, synthesis extracellular matrix. These processes are dynamically influenced by different factors, including pivotal role their regulation.1,2