Gangliosides are essential in the protection of inflammation and neurodegeneration via maintenance of lipid rafts: elucidation by a series of ganglioside-deficient mutant mice.

摘要: Gangliosides are considered to be involved in the maintenance and repair of nervous tissues. Recently, novel roles gangliosides regulation complement system were reported by us. In this study, we compared activation, inflammatory reaction disruption glycolipid-enriched microdomain (GEM)/rafts among various mutant mice ganglioside synthases, i.e. GM2/GD2 synthase knockout (KO), GD3 KO, double KO (DKO) these two enzymes wild type. Up-regulation complement-related genes, deposits C1q, proliferation astrocytes infiltration microglia also showed similar gradual severity depending on defects compositions. expression cytokines such as IL-1β tumor necrosis factor α, only DKO definite up-regulation. Immunoblotting fractions from sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation revealed that lipid raft markers caveolin-1 flotillin-1 tended disperse with intensities > Decay-accelerating neural cell adhesion molecule disappear fraction. Phospholipids cholesterol decrease GEM/rafts DKO, although total amounts almost equivalent. These results indicate destruction is caused deficiency intensity degree their