Comprehensive study of the liquid products from slow pyrolysis of crambe seeds: Bio-oil and organic compounds of the aqueous phase

摘要: Abstract The present work addresses the detailed structural elucidation by high resolution techniques of both liquid pyrolysis products from slow crambe seeds. Bio-oil and aqueous phase were obtained at 400 °C with 32% 15.8% (w/w) yield separated density difference. Lyophilization was applied to concentrate organic compounds in (OCAP). OCAP analyzed comprehensive bidimensional gas chromatography coupled time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS) positive negative-ion electrospray (ESI) Orbitrap (HRMS). For bio-oil, 1,400 analytes identified GC×GC-TOFMS most abundant classes hydrocarbons (448.6 mg g−1) N-containing (172.2 mg g−1). In bio-oil ESI-(+) HRMS data, N2 class (79.9%). negative mode, ca. 87.6% assigned peaks corresponded O2 for bio-oil. major oxygenated (49.8%) NO containing (45.9%). ESI (−) analysis presented percentage (57.2%) (28.3%) classes, while (+) MS (51.8%) (28.8%) classes. fraction composition profile indicates a potential biological activity due presence N-heterocyclic (38.9 MJ kg−1; 5.4% H2O) has be used as second generation (ASTM D7544) or hydrotreated improve fuel quality.