Fundamental Concepts in Clinical Pharmacology

摘要: Clinical pharmacology is the study of drugs in healthy volunteers and patients defining relationships between dose, drug exposure, response populations. Drug dose refers to an amount administered via a particular route (e.g., intravenous, oral, subcutaneous). exposure function concentration body, usually levels blood/plasma/serum serve as surrogate, with respect time. Response measure effect can relate both advantageous (efficacy) untoward (toxic) reactions. The dose–response relationship for based on route, that defined by pharmacokinetics (ADME) (Fig. 2.1). Pharmacokinetics (PK) loosely what body does comprised absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination profile. A key principal clinical studying how PK differs amongst Initial studies humans most are done healthy, volunteer populations results extrapolated refined patient