Cleaner production of iron by using waste macadamia biomass as a carbon resource

摘要: Abstract Macadamia nut shell, an Australian waste biomass, was pyrolyzed to produce biochars at temperatures ranging from 500 °C 1300 °C, using lab scale horizontal tube furnace. Biochar characterization carried out assess their potential usefulness as a carbonaceous material in ironmaking. Thermal decomposition analysis on macadamia biomass performed thermogravimetry and kinetic studies. The changes chemical nature composition of produced were studied various analytical techniques. prepared 1300 °C found have around 92% carbon content well highly ordered graphitic structure. used source reduce iron oxides metallic different i.e.1000 °C, 1100 °C, 1200 °C 1300 °C. X-ray diffraction scanning electron microscope the reduced samples investigate phases present for morphology respectively. results study suggest that biochar derived shell can be valuable renewable resource sustainable cleaner production iron.