Tracking potential sources of peak ozone concentrations in the upper troposphere over the Arabian Gulf region

摘要: Abstract In August 2013, the Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), was first to launch temporally highly resolved ozonesondes in Middle East region. The data from 20 launches consistently show changes meteorological parameters at about 5.5 km above surface, which are more pronounced following a change synoptic conditions on 15 including temperature inversions, corresponding potential temperatures, relative humidity, significant wind shear. These typically associated with large scale subtropical subsidence layer accordance previous aircraft studies this Below inversion layer, ozone follows typical patterns for lower tropospheric measurements, starting surface up 0.5 km ground level around noon 66 ± 15 ppbv. However, inversion, mixing ratios begin increase 80 ± 13 ppbv between 6 12 km maximum values ∼100 ppbv 8 km, then decreasing again before reaching stratosphere. Three-day HYSPLIT back trajectories indicate that levels 17% 6–12 km range under flow than cases when came Mediterranean. High pressure may lead of upper troposphere/lower stratosphere eventually cause an by ∼18% average 7 km, i.e. slightly layer. Under impact regional convective activity lightning, can 35% averaged over 9–12 km altitude range. both mid troposphere reached 100 ppbv.