Migration patterns of African elephants (Loxodonta africana) in Ol Pejeta Conservancy

作者: Emelie Grabbe

DOI:

关键词:

摘要: Migration is important for many animals survival; however, due to human impact the get more restricted. The African elephant (Loxodonta africana) a keystone species and dependant on long-distance movement. When migration restricted this can cause conflicts, example habitat destruction or crop raiding. In study I document patterns in out of Ol Pejeta Conservancy, Kenya. Camera-traps were used order register passages that later compared with data moon phase, rainfall, month time day. There was variation activity depending day year. Moon phase effected when using only occurring during night (between 19pm -7am). amount rainfall previous seven days as well but not 30 90 days. Possible explanations why elephants migrate are water, food, such settlements predation by especially lions. Because camera-traps at boarder conservancy it difficult full picture where they go come from. By having one year there also be hard find seasonal variation, which makes task bit harder. confirm information partly different methods needed.

参考文章(35)
N. W. SITATI, M. J. WALPOLE, N. LEADER-WILLIAMS, Factors affecting susceptibility of farms to crop raiding by African elephants: using a predictive model to mitigate conflict Journal of Applied Ecology. ,vol. 42, pp. 1175- 1182 ,(2005) , 10.1111/J.1365-2664.2005.01091.X
IPJ Smit, CC Grant, IJ Whyte, None, Elephants and water provision: what are the management links? Diversity and Distributions. ,vol. 13, pp. 666- 669 ,(2007) , 10.1111/J.1472-4642.2007.00403.X
Scott R. Loarie, Rudi J. van Aarde, Stuart L. Pimm, Elephant seasonal vegetation preferences across dry and wet savannas Biological Conservation. ,vol. 142, pp. 3099- 3107 ,(2009) , 10.1016/J.BIOCON.2009.08.021
G. Wittemyer, W. M. Getz, F. Vollrath, I. Douglas-Hamilton, Social dominance, seasonal movements, and spatial segregation in African elephants: a contribution to conservation behavior Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. ,vol. 61, pp. 1919- 1931 ,(2007) , 10.1007/S00265-007-0432-0
C.R. Thouless, J. Sakwa, Shocking elephants: Fences and crop raiders in Laikipia District, Kenya Biological Conservation. ,vol. 72, pp. 99- 107 ,(1995) , 10.1016/0006-3207(94)00071-W
I. Douglas-Hamilton, T. Krink, F. Vollrath, Movements and corridors of African elephants in relation to protected areas. Naturwissenschaften. ,vol. 92, pp. 158- 163 ,(2005) , 10.1007/S00114-004-0606-9
A. J. Loveridge, J. E. Hunt, F. Murindagomo, D. W. Macdonald, Influence of drought on predation of elephant (Loxodonta africana) calves by lions (Panthera leo) in an African wooded savannah Journal of Zoology. ,vol. 270, pp. 523- 530 ,(2006) , 10.1111/J.1469-7998.2006.00181.X
S. Bauer, B. J. Hoye, Migratory Animals Couple Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning Worldwide Science. ,vol. 344, pp. 1242552- ,(2014) , 10.1126/SCIENCE.1242552
Jacqueline Codron, Daryl Codron, Julia A Lee-Thorp, Matt Sponheimer, Kevin Kirkman, Kevin J Duffy, Judith Sealy, None, Landscape-scale feeding patterns of African elephant inferred from carbon isotope analysis of feces Oecologia. ,vol. 165, pp. 89- 99 ,(2011) , 10.1007/S00442-010-1835-6