Are there multiple ways to direct attention in working memory

摘要: In visual working memory tasks, for an item is enhanced if participants are told that the relatively more valuable than others presented within same trial. Experiment 1 explored whether these probe value boosts (termed prioritization effects in previous literature) affected by frequency (i.e., how often tested). Participants were with four colored shapes sequentially and asked to recall color of one probed following a delay. They informed first was (differential value) or as other items (equal value), this would be tested frequently frequency) items. Probe observed at position, though both accompanied costs additive, suggesting manipulations yield independent effects. Further supporting this, experiment 2 revealed not reliant on executive resources, directly contrasting findings regarding value. Taken together, outcomes suggest there may several ways which attention can directed memory.