Vascular Aging and Oxidative Stress: Hormesis and Adaptive Cellular Pathways

摘要: The biochemical basis of aging in general and vascular particular is the progressive failure maintenance repair systems due to cumulative molecular damage. One major sources damage reactive oxygen species (ROS). Indeed, all organisms living an aerobic environment are exposed ROS on a continual basis, generated as by-products normal cellular metabolism taken up from external environment. In fact, oxidative widely used biomarker diseases. At level, stress lead senescence. Endothelial senescent cells proinflammatory, proatherosclerotic, prothrombotic could participate process atherosclerosis. ROS, however, also play crucial role physiologic cell function when present at low concentration. Therefore, we believe that exposure endothelium during its maturation phase determines longevity. This known hormesis: mild activates different endogenous mechanisms protect against subsequent stresses. case endothelial cells, will activate protective pathways involved resistance. It chronic induce mechanisms, leading higher susceptibility diseases, senescence, aging, ultimately death.