Could gestational diabetes mellitus be managed through dietary bioactive compounds? Current knowledge and future perspectives.

摘要: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious problem growing worldwide that needs to be addressed with urgency in consideration of the resulting severe complications for both mother and fetus. Growing evidence indicates healthy diet rich fruit, vegetables, nuts, extra-virgin olive oil fish has beneficial effects prevention management several human diseases metabolic disorders. In this review, we discuss latest data concerning dietary bioactive compounds such as polyphenols PUFA on molecular mechanisms regulating glucose homoeostasis. Several studies, mostly based vitro animal models, indicate polyphenols, mainly flavonoids, positively modulate insulin signalling pathway by attenuating hyperglycaemia resistance, reducing inflammatory adipokines, modifying microRNA (miRNA) profiles. Very few about influence exposure GDM outcomes are available, although approach deserves careful consideration. Further investigation, which includes exploring 'omics' world, needed better understand complex interaction between GDM.