Demonstrating the need for chemical exposure characterisation in a microplate test system: toxicity screening of sixteen pesticides on two marine microalgae.

摘要: Abstract Pesticides used in viticulture create a potential risk for the aquatic environment due to drift during application, runoff and soil leaching. The toxicity of sixteen pesticides one metabolite were evaluated on growth two marine microalgae, Tisochrysis lutea Skeletonema marinoi, 96-h exposure assays conducted microplates. For each substance, concentrations stock solutions analytically measured abiotic performed evaluate chemical stability chemicals, microalgae exposures run simultaneously microplates culture flasks compare EC50 calculated from systems. Results analyses demonstrated low hydrophobic (log KOW > 3). such values using pesticide two-fold lower than those first estimated nominal concentrations. Photosystem II inhibitors most toxic herbicides, with below 10 μg L−1 diuron around double this isoproturon. Chlorpyrifos-methyl was only insecticide significantly affect T. lutea, an 400 μg L−1. All fungicides tested both species: strobilurins showed overall toxicity, 400 μg L−1, whereas quinoxyfen, spiroxamine, high species, especially 1 μg L−1 spiroxamine flasks. This study highlights need perform reliable assessment discusses advantages disadvantages as screening tool.