Evolution of the Protein Repertoire

摘要: A protein is at once the translation product of a gene, polymer amino acids folded in three-dimensional space, molecular machine imparting function, and small – but often critical component cell's physiology. Each these facets inherently linked to others; yet, each impacted by evolutionary processes differently. The evolution repertoire involves broad variety phenomena, many which are understood considerable detail. aim this chapter provide panoramic survey subject, relate mechanisms their effects on proteins, genes that encode them, physiological networks they populate. Keywords: Allosteric regulation; Convergent evolution; Cooperativity; Directed evolution; Divergent evolution; Gene cluster; Gene duplication; Homolog; Homologous recombination; Horizontal gene transfer; Metabolic network; Metabolic pathway; Metabolome; Multiprotein complex; Neofunctionalization; Nonsynonymous substitution; Operon; Ortholog; Paralog; Phylogenomics; Phylogeny; Point mutation; Protein domain; Protein primary structure; Protein quaternary repertoire; Protein secondary tertiary structure; Protein–protein interaction network; Proteome; Pseudogene; Regulatory network; Subfunctionalization; Synonymous substitution; Trans-splicing; Transcriptome