Sweet chestnut agroforestry systems in North-western Spain: Classification, spatial distribution and an ecosystem services assessment

摘要: Aim of study: Agroforestry systems Castanea sativa have specific forest structures, which are different from other ecosystems sweet chestnut. They provided several services (ES) to local inhabitants for centuries including relevant pastoral use. However on present times, isolated distribution ranges and declining trends. The chestnut trees their main components but occur at low densities. cultivated by using treatments improve features maximize types production. Area North-western Iberian Peninsula. Material methods: We used a large database (>750 field plots) classify C. dominated-stands into typology (including traditional agroforestry systems), assess most ES. data define spatial discriminant analysis determine the classification accuracy. Finally we also defined set qualitative quantitative ES indicators groups compare Main results: successfully classified these found that major importance in providing ES, as food provision or cultural services, showed patterns. Moreover, chestnut-dominated ecosystems, supply important such biomass climate regulation. Research highlights: relevance point view was pointed out this work, dynamic. Further analysis, based temporal trends, could help better understanding status conservation management strategies.