Selective Dysfunction of Basal Ganglia Subterritories: From Movement to Behavioral Disorders

摘要: Historically, Parkinson's disease (PD) was defined as a pure movement disorder. Currently, it is widely accepted that this also characterized by nonmotor signs, such depression, apathy, and anxiety. On the other hand, consideration of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) neuropsychiatric disorder has been debated. In review, we will focus on these two disorders, which combine both motor behavioral features in dysfunction cortical subcortical regions suggested. Anatomical, experimental, clinical data are reported to support involvement basal ganglia (BG) cognitive motivational functions addition control. PD, signs could result from heterogeneity dopaminergic lesions excessive activation dopamine receptors, particularly within limbic neuronal networks. Experimental results obtained nonhuman primates using local disinhibition functional territories BG allowed precise mapping their functions. Thus, impairment inhibitory control inside specific striatal induced disorders abnormal movements, had striking similarities expressions GTS. Establishing relationship between subterritories potentially be helpful for future target choices DBS many disorders. Furthermore, great interest therapeutic research efficient targeting symptom relief determine pharmacological effects main modulators function, serotonin.