BÖCEKLERE DAYANIKLILIK ISLAHINDA GENETİK MÜHENDİSLİĞİNİN KULLANIMI

作者: Sevim Sağsöz , Metin Tosun , İlknur Akgün

DOI: 10.17097/ZFD.34145

关键词:

摘要: OZET : Zararli bocekler, dayaniksiz bitkilerin veriminde ve kalitesinde onemli dususlere neden olurlar. Zararlilarla mucadelede ekim nobeti, biyolojik kontrol pestisit kullanimi gibi degisik yontemler uygulanmaktadir. Bunlardan nobeti uygulamalarindan alinan sonuclar sinirlidir. savasta gunumuzde pestisitler yaygin olarak kullanilmaktadir. Ancak, cevre insan sagligi uzerine olumsuz etkileri yaninda ekolojik dengenin bozulmasina da olmaktadirlar. Bu konuda en etkili uygulama dayanikli cesitlerin elde edilmesidir. amacla seleksiyon melezleme geleneksel islah yontemlerinin kullanimiyla basariya ulasmak zaman alici oldukca Gunumuzde bircok alanda kullanilan 1970'li yillarda baslayan genetik muhendisliginden dayaniklilik islahi calismalarinda yararlanilmaktadir. Fasulye tohumlarinda bulunan arcelin geni yem borulcesi tripsin inhibitor kullanilarak bazi zararlilara karsi transgenik bitkiler edilmistir. Hatta; bitkilerle iliskisi olmayan farkli bir organizmadan (Bacillus thuringiensis), muhendisligi yontemleri cryIA(b) cryIA(c) genleri izole edilip pamuk, tutun domatese aktarilmistir. Boylece Lepidoptera, Coleoptera Diptera'lara uzerinde yapilan laboratuar tarla testlerinden olumlu alinmistir. THE USE OF GENETIC ENGINEERING IN BREEDING FOR INSECT RESISTANCE SUMMARY: Harmful insect cause reductions in the yield and quality of susceptible plants. Some methods such as crop rotation, biological control pesticides were used for control. The results obtained from rotations are limited. At present, commonly pest control, but have negative effect on human environment causing deterioration ecological balance. In this subject, best strategy is to breed resistant Conventional breeding selection hybridization highly limited take long time. genetic engineering that a number areas started 1970is has also been resistance. Resistant transgenic plants some pests developed using gene bean seeds cowpea seeds. genes isolated different organism Bacillus thuringiensis not related transferred cotton, tobacco tomato. way, Diptera developed. These tested field laboratory positive obtained.

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