Decision Making in Action

摘要: The importance of decision-making to safety in complex, dynamic environments like mission control centers and offshore installations has been well established. NASA-ARC a program research dedicated fostering safe effective the manned spaceflight environment. Because access is limited, with similar characteristics, including aviation nuclear power plants, serve as analogs from which space-relevant data can be gathered theories developed. Analyses accidents cite crew judgement decision making causes or contributing factors over half all accidents. A observation made plants. Yet laboratory on not proven especially helpful improving quality decisions these kinds environments. One reason that traditional, analytic models are inappropriate multidimensional, high-risk environments, do accurately describe what expert human makers when they make have consequences. new model dynamic, naturalistic offered may prove useful for isolated, confined Based analyses performance full-mission simulators accident reports, features define strategies abnormal emergency situations identified. These include accurate situation assessment (including time risk assessment), appreciation complexity problem, sensitivity constraints decision, timeliness response, use adequate information. More crews also manage their workload provide themselves resources good decisions. In brief, appropriate demands situation. Effective overall mediated by communication. Communication contributes because it assures members essential information, but regulates coordinates actions medium collective thinking response problem. This presentation will examine relations between leadership, communication, performance. Implications findings training discussed.