Economic and environmental impact of lead-acid batteries in grid-connected domestic PV systems

摘要: Occupants of dwellings with grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems can often benefit financially from exporting electricity to the grid. When export prices are lower than import prices, however, occupants incentivised time-shift demand in order avoid exports and reduce imports. To maximise this potential financial benefit, addition batteries PV system has been proposed take advantage specific commercial opportunity presented occupant trading exported power during day for imported evening. This paper therefore assesses economic environmental impact use lead-acid under current feed-in tariff arrangements UK. The development a battery model is described, which used simulate hypothetical flows using measured data on domestic simulation results indicate that net negative, even when considering an idealised lossless battery. realistic energy losses lifetimes accounted for, loss considered here approach £1000/year. production also found be further strengthening argument against systems.