Development of Visual Diagnostic Expertise in Pathology: An Information-processing Study

摘要: Objective: To identify key features contributing to trainees' development of expertise in microscopic pathology diagnosis, a complex visual task, and provide new insights help create computer-based training systems pathology. Design: Standard methods information-processing cognitive science were used study diagnostic processes (search, perception, reasoning) 28 novices, intermediates, experts. Participants examined cases breast pathology; each case had previously established gold standard diagnosis. Videotapes correlated the actual data by participants with their verbal “think-aloud” protocols. Measurements: Investigators measured accuracy, difficulty, certainty, protocol process frequencies, error times events for subject. Analyses variance, chi-square tests post-hoc comparisons performed subject as unit analysis. Results: Level corresponded differences search, reasoning components tasks. Several discrete steps occur on path competence, including adequate search strategies, rapid accurate recognition anatomic location, acquisition interpretation skills, transitory reliance explicit feature identification. Conclusion: Results basis an empirical model competence tasks will inform pedagogy tools this domain