Environmental and Anthropogenic Pressures on Geophytes of Iran and the Possible Protection Strategies: A Review

摘要: Ornamental geophytes (ornamental flower bulbs) are international and national heritage considering their contribution to people's life quality around the world. Iranian habitats support about 8000 species of flowering plants (belonging 167 families 100 genera) which almost 1700 endemic. Iran is a rich country in terms distribution bulbous plants. More than 200 from different plant naturally grow play an important role colorful display flowers plains, mountains, forests. Unfortunately, some bulbs at risk eradication due factors, including inappropriate herboviry overgrazing, land use change, illegal bulb harvesting, road construction, mining activities, drought, etc. The establishment protected areas, efficient propagation methods such as micropropagation, gathering extinction Botanical Gardens Research Centers, highlighting decisive Non-governmental organizations (NGOs), improving tourism approaches suggested for better conservation. Meanwhile, under current situation, protecting rules regulations should be assigned fulfilled save this invaluable natural heritage.