Ultrasound Evaluation of the Lower Trapezius in Adolescent Baseball Pitchers

摘要: Abstract Background Biomechanical studies have demonstrated that the lower trapezius (LT) facilitates normal shoulder function, and given its potential role in causing and/or perpetuating dysfunction, clinicians begun to evaluate rehabilitate LT context of comprehensive rehabilitation programs. Although some compared side-to-side differences thickness among nonthrowers, no been performed examine ultrasound appearance adolescent throwing population. Objectives To whether cross-sectional area (CSA) differ between dominant nondominant sides baseball pitchers determine inter-rater intrarater reliability sonographically measured parameters. Study Design Observational, repeated measures study. Setting Hospital-based outpatient practice. Participants Thirty asymptomatic male aged 13-18 years with at least 3 pitching experience from a convenience sample Rochester, Minnesota, area. Methods CSA were T8 T5 vertebral levels rest, was again active prone T- Y-pose positions by multiple investigators. Side-to-side examined, measurement coefficients estimated. Main Outcome Measurements Thickness measured. For reliability, we calculated intraclass correlation along standard error minimal detectable change. Results Resting 0.064 cm greater on side than ( P = .001). During contraction, 0.084 0.097 T Y poses .036 .001, respectively). The level 0.36 2 Conclusion Asymptomatic resting contracted versus side, although quantitative are small. These suggest structural changes asymmetry can manifest young ages; however, clinically, arm be used as control Ultrasound provides noninvasive way reliably pitchers.