Current status and perspectives in translational biomarker research for PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy.

摘要: Modulating immune inhibitory pathways has been a major recent breakthrough in cancer treatment. Checkpoint blockade antibodies targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programed cell-death protein 1 (PD-1) have demonstrated acceptable toxicity, promising clinical responses, durable disease control, improved survival some patients with advanced melanoma, non-small cell lung (NSCLC), other tumor types. About 20 % of NSCLC 30 % melanoma experience responses from checkpoint monotherapy, better seen the combination anti-PD-1 anti-CTLA-4 antibodies. Given power these new therapies, it is important to understand complex dynamic nature host regulation additional molecules microenvironment normal organs response therapies. In this era precision oncology, there remains largely unmet need identify who are most likely benefit immunotherapy, optimize monitoring assays for tumor-specific develop strategies improve efficacy, biomarkers so that immune-related adverse events can be avoided. At time, PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining using 22C3 antibody only FDA-approved companion diagnostic NSCLC-treated pembrolizumab, but more expected come market. We here summarize current knowledge, potential biomarkers, associated therapies solid tumors.