Theory and experiment of nanostructure self-organization in irradiated materials

摘要: Irradiation of materials by energetic particles (e.g., electrons, ions and neutrons) is associated with very high internal power dissipation, which can drive the underlying nano- microstructure far from normal equilibrium conditions. One most unusual responses in this connection ability material's to self-assemble well-organized, two- three-dimensional periodic arrangements. We review assess here experimental evidence theoretical models pertaining physical understanding self-organization under irradiation Experimental observations on formation self-organized defect clusters, dislocation loops, voids bubbles are presented critically assessed. Implantation metals helium results remarkable self-assembled bubble super-lattices wavelengths (super-lattice parameters) range 5–8 nm. Ion neutron produce a wide variety 3-D walls void lattices, that be tailored 10's 100's nanometers. Theoretical aimed at explaining these introduced, consistent description many features outlined. The primary focus recent modeling efforts, based stability theory concepts non-linear dynamics, determine criteria for evolution spatial symmetry microstructures. correspondence between framework also examined, highlighting areas agreement pointing out unresolved questions.