作者: Carina F Mugal , Verena E Kutschera , Fidel Botero-Castro , Jochen B W Wolf , Ingemar Kaj
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摘要: The ratio of nonsynonymous over synonymous sequence divergence, dN/dS, is a widely used estimate the fixation rate ω, which measures extent to natural selection modulates protein evolution. Its computation based on phylogenetic approach and computes divergence protein-coding DNA between species, traditionally using single representative per species. This ignores presence polymorphisms relies indirect assumption that new mutations fix instantaneously, an generally violated reasonable only for distantly related violation underlying leads time-dependence biased estimates ω in particular closely where contribution ancestral lineage-specific substantial. We here use time-dependent Poisson random field model derive analytical expression dN/dS as function time sample size. then extend our framework estimation proportion adaptive evolution α. mathematical treatment enables us show joint usage polymorphism data can assist inference Moreover, results provide basis protocol α illustrate performance this by studying population set four corvid involves at different time-scales several choices sizes.