Do Wolbachia-associated incompatibilities promote polyandry?

摘要: The genetic incompatibility avoidance hypothesis as an explanation for the polyandrous mating strategies (mating with more than one male) of females many species has received significant attention in recent years. It support from both empirical studies and a meta-analysis, which concludes that enjoy increased reproductive success through improved offspring viability relative to monandrous females. In this study we investigate whether female Drosophila simulans improve their fitness face severe Wolbachia-associated incompatibilities. We use results develop models test predictions Wolbachia should promote polyandry, polyandry itself may constrain spread Wolbachia. Uniquely, our allow biologically relevant rates coevolve modifier allele, allows us evaluate fate Our reveal significantly reduce costs Wolbachia, owing infected males being poor sperm competitors. show disadvantage competition can inhibit or prevent invasion However, despite obtained by females, allele is constrained any might be associated low frequency incompatible matings when reached stable equilibrium. Therefore, although benefit findings do not incompatibilities caused evolution polyandry.