Use of flathead mullet (Mugil cephalus) in coastal biomonitor studies: review and recommendations for future studies.

摘要: There has been a widespread world-wide use of flathead mullet, Mugil cephalus, in fish biomonitor studies within the coastal zone. This review summarises this research field, focusing on heavy metals, and considers implications accumulated data. Differences sampling methodology, tissues analysed units reported data provide challenges assessing benchmarking these studies. The benthic feeding strategy M. cephalus invariably increases exposure risk relative to middle or upper water column feeders, nevertheless contaminant accumulation via direct indirect pathways was regulated sufficiently such that toxicants were below food guidelines most regions (32 49 examined). Human health issues can arise if are consumed from heavily industrialised regions. Recommendations provided for future biomonitoring studies, based results but relevant species more broadly, comparable so managers benchmark against local conditions.