Intrasexual selection and warning color evolution in an aposematic poison dart frog

摘要: Though theory predicts consistency of warning signals in aposematic species to facilitate predator learning, variation these often occurs nature. The strawberry poison frog, Oophaga [Dendrobates] pumilio, is an exceptionally polytypic (populations are phenotypically distinct) frog exhibiting color and brightness. In the Solarte population, males females both respond differentially male brightness variation. Here, we demonstrate through spectrophotometry visual modeling that within this population likely visible two putative predators (crabs, snakes) conspecifics, but not presumed major (birds). This study thus suggests signal O. pumilio populations can be shaped by sexual selection, with limited opportunity for natural selection influence trait due sensory constraints. As changes ultimately lead hue, our findings at within-population level provide insights into understanding polytypism across-population scales. *This chapter has previously been published as Crothers & Cummings, 2013. American Naturalist 181:E116-E124.