Mitigating the risk of extreme water scarcity and dependency: the case of Jordan

摘要: Jordan faces great internal water scarcity and pollution, conflict over trans-boundary waters, strong dependency on external resources through trade. This paper analyzes these issues subsequently reviews options to reduce the risk of extreme dependency. Based estimates footprint, availability, virtual trade, we find that groundwater consumption is nearly double pollution aggravates blue scarcity, Jordan’s import 86%. The review response yields 10 ingredients for a strategy mitigate risks With respect ingredients, current policy requires redirection towards demand management. Actual implementation plans in national (against existing oppositions) would be first step. However, more attention should paid reducing by changing pattern Jordanian consumers. Moreover, unsustainable exploitation fossil Disi aquifer soon halted planned desalination projects require careful consideration regarding sustainability their energy supply