A REVIEW OF APOTHECIAL PRODUCTION BY MONILINIA FUNGI IN JAPAN

摘要: The literature on apothecial production by Monilinia spp. is reviewed with particular attention given to Japanese work. Four stages of development are distinguished? stromatal development, maturation, initiation, and differentiation. Information growth conditions which have been found suitable in laboratory studies for M. fructicola, fructigena, mali, oxycocci. temperature, light moisture regimes, substrates, incubation times used were similar those that encountered the field regions Japan where apothecia frequently found. effect weather fruit size time ripening hosts discussed. fungi characterized monilioid spores stromatic tissue borne (Honey, 1928). Members genus pathogens Rosaceae Ericaceae some cause considerable economic losses crops. Honey (1936) divided into two sections based presence or absence conidial chains disjunctors (small structures develop between mature conidia facilitate spore dispersal). Those do not possess included Junctoriae dis? junctors, Disjunctoriae. There about 30 known species nine recorded Japan. Details summarized Table I. Most made comprising because their importance as serious apples, pears, stone fruits. diseases fruits usually referred collectively "brown rot" since brown lesions infected tissues, particularly biology control causing rot Wormald (1954) more recently Byrde Willetts (1977), while Harada (1977) has published a report his detailed Monilinia. In recent article, Batra (1983) reported an investigation Ericaceae. sexual ascospore produced apothecium. numerous reports discovery most ofthe species. However, there only few successful formation these laboratory, consequently factors involved initiation differentiation ascocarps well understood. Also carried out details work readily available many western workers. purpose this article review data pro? duction fungi, reference Attempts interpret findings using information